Descripcion

Herbs 0.5–0.6 m tall or subshrubs to more than 1 m tall; branches glandular-puberulent to densely glandular-puberulent throughout. Stipular prickles straight, (0.5–)2–3 × 1.5–2 mm, missing in some individuals or very short, almost inconspicuous. Leaves 3-foliolate; petioles glandular-puberulent, unarmed, 1.7–6.5 cm; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, elliptic to rhombic, 1.2–6.3 × 0.6–2.5(–3) cm, basally cuneate, apically acute to acuminate, petiolule glandular-puberulent, unarmed, 0.5–2(–3.5) mm, margin entire, ciliate, surface with scattered short, pointed, eglandular hairs to glabrous on both sides, midrib and secondary veins glabrous, without prickles. Inflorescence of racemes, terminal and/or axillary, 4.5–13 cm; floral bracts petiolate, petioles puberulent, 3–8 mm, blade ovate, 10–23 × 5–10 mm, basally obtuse, apically acute, margin ciliate, glabrescent. Flowers with pedicels 15–28 mm, glabrescent; sepals triangular to lanceolate, 2.5–3 × 0.5–1 mm, acuminate, margin ciliate, puberulent to glabrescent abaxially; petals spatulate, 3.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, basally contracted into a claw, claw 1.5–2 mm, apically rounded to obtuse, white, glabrous; nectary disciform, inconspicuous fleshy, obsolete in fruit; filaments 3.5–7 mm, purplish; anthers 1–3 mm; ovary cylindric, 3.5–4.5 mm, glabrescent to glabrous; style absent; stigma capitate, sessile. Fruits on a gynophore 1–10(–20) mm or sessile, cylindric, slightly torulose, 2.2–6.9 cm × 3–6 mm, glabrous. Seeds subcochlear, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, longitudinally striate, transverse ridges apically covered by simple hairs, cleft covered by a thin membrane; aril white, connecting claws of seeds.

Distribucion y Habitat

Tarenaya aculeata is a widely distributed weed through the Neotropics and the Old World Tropics (Fig. 3A). It is found in tropical deciduous forests, thorn scrub forests, rock outcrops, savannas, periodically flooded forests, gallery forests, riverbanks, sandy dunes, restingas, forest edges, roadsides, and disturbed areas.

Ejemplares de referencia

Colector N° Colect. Especie Departamento Provincia Imagen
  • Abbott, J. .. R.
    		• 15987 Chiquitos Santa Cruz
  • Burkart, A.
    		• 18529 -
  • Castiglioni, J. A.
    		• 6711 Anta Salta
  • Ezcurra, C.
    		• 342 Chacabuco San Luis
  • Fabris, H. A.
    		• 8058 Santa Bárbara Jujuy
  • Fortunato, R. H.
    		• 3356 Patiño Formosa
  • Franceschi, F.
    		• 354 General Obligado Santa Fe
  • Guaglianone, E. R.
    		• 544 Pilcomayo Formosa
  • Guaglianone, E. R.
    		• 2311 (SI 207955) Pilcomayo Formosa
  • Hicken, C. M.
    		• 349 Monte Caseros Corrientes
  • Jörgensen, P.
    		• 3462 Guairá
  • Krapovickas, A.
    		• 11823 General Paz Corrientes
  • Krapovickas, A.
    		• 33811 Mburucuyá Corrientes
  • Medina, R.
    		• 65 Capital Corrientes
  • Novara, L. J.
    		• 2182 Capital Salta
  • Quarín, C. L.
    		• 1543 San Bernardino Cordillera
  • Schinini, A.
    		• 10774 Mburucuyá Corrientes
  • Tolaba, J. A.
    		• 2758 Capital Salta
  • Tressens, S. G.
    		• 4786 Cordillera
  • Vanni, R. O.
    		• 2274 Boquerón
  • Vázquez Avila, M. D.
    		• 234 Cordillera
  • Zardini, E. M.
    		• 21181 Cordillera

    Nombre Vulgar y Usos

    Tipo y Observaciones

    Material Tipo: Basónimo: Cleome aculeata L.
    Observaciones: Tarenaya aculeata flowers and fruits throughout the year. Vernacular names.- Known in Brazil as cecê (M. J. S. Lemos 66), marambê (pequeno) (F. J. A. Matos s.n.), and muçambezinho (F. C. S. Oliveira et al. 234); in Paraguay as rabanito kokue (M. Bolson 249); in Venezuela as bruca (R. L. Liesner 6844). Discussion.- Tarenaya aculeata is recognized by its 3-foliolate leaves, the ovate to lanceolate, elliptic to rhombic leaflets, and the cylindric, slightly torulose capsules. The stipular prickles, when present, show a large variety in size, (0.5–)2–3 mm long, or, sometimes, are very short, almost inconspicuous. Furthermore, the capsules are sessile or on gynophores up to 10 mm long, as can be found in Bolivia, Mexico, Paraguay, and in some Brazilian populations. The specimens found in Argentina and Paraguay have densely glandular-puberulent branches and flowers with broad petals (5 × 2.5 mm) and longer capsules than the typical specimens. This large morphological variation is associated with a broad geographic distribution and resulted in the application of many different names to this taxon. Based on these variations, Iltis (1952) proposed unpublished infraspecifc names that are commonly found on sheet labels in many herbaria, leading to confusion.